WAEC GCE GOVERNMENT ANSWER 2020

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GOVERNMENT-OBJ

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government theory answers

1 -To Give Justice to the people:

The first and foremost function of the judiciary is to give justice to the people, whenever they may approach it. It awards punishment to those who after trial are found guilty of violating the laws of the state or the rights of the people.

2. Interpretation and Application of Laws:

One of the major functions of the judiciary is to interpret and apply laws to specific cases. In the course of deciding the disputes that come before it, the judges interpret and apply laws.

3- Due to its power of judicial review, it plays an essential role in ensuring that each branch of government recognizes the limits of its own power

4- it protects civil rights and liberties by striking down laws that violate the Constitution

2a) Judicial independence is the concept that the judiciary should be independent from the other branches of government. That is, courts should not be subject to improper influence from the other branches of government or from private or partisan interests

2b)

2b) 1 -To Give Justice to the people:

2. Interpretation and Application of Laws:

One of the major functions of the judiciary is to interpret and apply laws to specific cases. In the course of deciding the disputes that come before it, the judges interpret and apply laws.

3- Due to its power of judicial review, it plays an essential role in ensuring that each branch of government recognizes the limits of its own power

4- it protects civil rights and liberties by striking down laws that violate the Constitution

SECTION A: ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS!

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(1)

(i)Provision of Employment:

It is the function of the state to provide employment for its citizens. In many countries, this is included in the constitution of the state. In Africa, for example, where entrepreneurship is minimal, the bulk of the employment is created by the state through state and Para-state institutions.

(ii)Promotion of Economic Activities: It is the function of the state to promote the economic development of the country. The government could establish public corporations to produce goods and services for the people or create the enabling environment for private individuals to do so.

(iii)Protection of Citizens: It is the function of a state to protect the rights of its citizens. The rights of the citizen include the right to life, freedom of association, free movement, to own property, etc. This responsibility is carried out on behalf of the government by the combined effort of two arms of government, the Judiciary and the Executive.

(iv)Guarantee of Fundamental Human Rights: Another function of the state is to guarantee the rights of its citizens especially the fundamental ones like the right to life. This creates the environment for the citizens to enjoy everything the state has to offer.

(v)Maintenance Law and Order: It is the duty of the state to maintain law and order in the state. This duty is performed by the Police Department of the state. When the state performs this function, it creates a peaceful environment for all the citizens.

(4)

(i)No opposition: since only one political party is legally and constitutionally allowed to operate, gives no room for opposition

(ii)it is prone to dictatoeship: the system ensures that the opinion of the ruling elite is strictly enforced on the masses

(iii)One one ideology: there is only one ideology and it may not appeal to the generality of the people

(iv)it is undemocratic: the principle of democracy is ignored

(v)Rule of law: the principle of rule of law and the provisions of the constitution may not be respected

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Employment : The Civil service commission is charged with the responsibility for recruiting high-level man-power to the Civil service through competitive examination and oral interviews

2. Promotion : it is the duty of the commission to promote civil servants of top echelon who are due for promotion

3. Dismissal : The commission is empowered to dismiss any civil servant who commits a dismissable offense

4. Efficiency : The commission promotes and maintains efficiency anr integrity of the Civil service

5. Transfer : The transfer of civil servants from one ministry to another within the civil service is done by the civil service commission.

(7)

(i)Formation of political party : parties such as NNDP, NCNC, NPC and AG were formed by the nationalist to push for attaining independence

(ii)petitions: the nationalist wrote series of petitions to the secretary of state for colonies in London on issues of pressing concerns

(iii)strike and boycott: the nationalist also organises strikes and boycott to back up their demands

(iv)voting right : the voted in favour of policies favourable to the attainment of self governance

(v)constitutional conference: the nationalist also took part in some of the conferences agitating for self governance. Such as 1953 and 1957

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(6)

(i)Cultural diversity: It is argued that cultural diversity among ethnic groups in Nigeria make the operation of a federal system possible (over 250 ethnic groups in are Nigeria).

(ii)British Colonial Policy: Britain imposed a federal structure by dividing the territory into regions and ruling them separately .it was the Lyttleton constitution that introduced a federal system to Nigeria in 1954.

(iii)Size of the country: Nigeria is a large country both in population and territory and so federalism is a better option.

(iv)Availability of human resources: Nigeria has enough of these resources to run a federal system.

(v) Geographical factor: Different component units are geographically near to one another making it easier for the adoption of a federal system.