Geography Neco Answers 2024

(6ai)

River Capture: Also called river piracy or river beheading, refers to two parallel consequent rivers with tributaries separated by a more powerful river and with presence of wind gap. E.g River Ogunpa in Ibadan, Nigeria.

(6aii)

River Rejuvenation: A river is said to be rejuvenated when it is given a new lease of of life or being young again i.e. an extra power of erosion. This happens when the base level of the river falls, either because the land is uplifted or because the level of the sea falls.

(6b)

(i) Solution: Some rock materials dissolve in water and are carried in solution from the upper to lower course of the river.

(ii) Suspension: Here, the lighter particles of solid materials are carried in suspension as the water flows.

(iii) Saltation: In this process, larger particles are moved in series of hops or jumps along the stream bed.

(7a)

Environment resources refer to any useful item in the environment, or materials and substances that are useful to man OR

Environmental Resources in other words are useful things (both living and non-living) occurring naturally within a particular geographical location which are of benefit to man, animals and plants.

(7b)

(i) Land Resources.

(ii) Mineral Resources.

(iii) Human Resources.

(iv) Water Resources.

(7c)

Renewable Resources: This are natural resources that are recoverable and that can be replenished over time. They are a sustainable way to meet our energy and material needs.

(7d)

(i) Rain.

(ii) Animal.

(iii) Plant.

(iv) Water.

4a

Climate is defined as the average weather conditions of a place over a long period of time (35 years).

(4bi)

{CHECK DIAGRAM BELOW}

Convectional Rainfall: Convectional rainfall occurs in the area intensively heated. Hot/Warm air, accompanied by a rise in relative humidity takes place. The rising air becomes saturated and water vapour condenses with cloud being formed quickly. This results im heavy rains, accompanied by thunder and lightning. It is short-lived and characterized by heavy winds, lightning and thunder. Convectional rainfall is always torrential or heavy, accompanied by lightning and thunder.

(4bii)

{CHECK THE DIAGRAM BELOW}

Cyclonic Rainfall: Also Known as Frontal rainfall is caused by meeting of two air masses, which are different in terms of origin and characteristics. Warm, light, moisture ladden air rises above cold and dense air. Ascent of the warn air, cooling takes place and condensation occurs. Cloud formation and precipitation follow. Cyclonic rainfall is characterized by fronts and weather system in mid latitudes.

*NUMBER. 3 :*

*Igneous Rocks :*

*(i) Mode of Formation :*

Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma (molten rock) from volcanic activity or plutonic activity (underground molten rock). In volcanic activity, Lavas from volcanoes cool and solidify on the surface, forming extrusive igneous rocks (e.g., basalt, andesite). In plutonic activity, Magma cools and solidifies beneath the surface, forming intrusive igneous rocks (e.g., granite, gabbro).

*(ii) Characteristics :*

*Texture :*

Extrusive rocks are fine-grained, glassy, or porphyritic. Intrusive rocks are coarse-grained and phaneritic.

*Composition :*

— Felsic (rich in silica) : Granite, rhyolite.

— Mafic (rich in magnesium and iron) : Basalt, gabbro.

— Intermediate : Andesite, diorite.

*Mineral content :*

Feldspars, quartz, micas, amphiboles, and pyroxenes are common minerals in igneous rocks.

*Colour :*

Varied, depending on mineral content and oxidation (e.g., black, gray, pink, white).

*(3b)*

*(PICK ANY FOUR)*

*(i) Construction*: Some are used as building materials for walls, floors, and countertops e.g: granite, basalt, and andesite

*(iii) Aggregates*: Crushed igneous rocks are used as aggregates in concrete, asphalt, and road construction.

*(iii) Dimension Stone*: Some are used as dimension stones for architectural purposes, e.g. granite and gabbro.

*(iv) Pavers and Tiles*: Some are used to make pavers and tiles for flooring and landscaping, e.g : basalt and andesite.

*(v) Abrasives*: Some are used as abrasives for grinding and polishing metals, stones, and other materials, e g. basalt and gabbro,

*(vi) Gemstones*: Igneous rocks are the source of many gemstones, such as quartz, feldspar, and amphibole minerals like amethyst and citrine.

*(vii)Radiation Shielding*: Dense igneous rocks like granite and gabbro are used for radiation shielding in medical and industrial applications.

*(viii) Decorative Landscaping*: Some are used for decorative landscaping features like sculptures, water features, and garden ornaments, e g. granite and basalt.