Neco geography answers 2021
Here is neco geography answers for 2021. Enjoy and share.
(1a)
(i) Rural – Urban Migration: This has to do with the movement of people from the various villages to towns and cities.
(ii) Urban – Rural Migration: This refers to the movement of people from cities and towns to villages.
(iii) Rural – Rural Migration: This is the movement of people from one village to another. This type of movement often occurs in areas where the soil is very fertile for agricultural purposes.
(1b)
Advantages
(i) Migration helps to reduce the pressure on social amenities within one geographical region.
(ii) It helps to promote cultural integrity.
(iii) It aids the supply of labour.
(iv) It ensures the flow of capital.
Disadvantages
(i) Migration often breeds social vices.
(ii) It brings decline in production.
(iii) Migration often leads to unemployment.
(iv) Migration leads to congestion in transportation and housing.
====================================
(5a)
(i)Peasants are households which derive their livelihoods partly from agriculture.
(ii)utilise mainly family labour in farm production, integrate household production
(iii)consumption activities and decisions, and are characterised by partial engagement in input and output markets which are often imperfect or incomplete
(5b)
(i)Better Supervision:
Unlike in industry, the area of operation for a worker in agriculture is very large. Supervision of work always presents a problem. If the size of the farm is small, the owner himself can effectively supervise the work of the labourer and can also guide and direct him to do his job in a particular way.
(ii)More Employment:
In peasant farming there is generally a greater scope for employment on the farm, when compared with other farming systems.
(iii)Greater Productivity:
Productivity per acre on a farm under peasant farming is larger than on farms under other systems, when the farms generally happen to be larger in size. The main reason for this is the greater intensity of cropping which, in turn, is due to greater use of labour per acre on small farms when compared with that on a larger farm.
3a)
1. Brazil
2. China
3. India
bi)
Exports From Nigeria To China
1. Leads
2. Rubber
3. Raw hides and skins
bii)
1. Iron and steel
2. Electrical,electronic equipments
c)
1. Different factor endowments – some economies are rich in natural resources while others have relatively little. Trade enables economies to specialise in the export of some resources and earn revenue to pay for imports of other goods.
2. Increased welfare – specialisation (where countries have a comparative advantage – see the next section for more detail on this) and trade allow countries to gain a higher level of consumption than they would do domestically and this leads to increased welfare and higher living standards.
3. To gain economies of scale – with specialisation and production on a larger scale than may be possible domestically, a country may be able to gain more economies of scale. This will lead to lower average costs and benefit consumers through lower prices.
4. Diversity of choice – trade enables us to access goods and services that we may not be able to produce ourselves.
(3a)
(i) Brazil
(ii) China
(iii) India
(3bi)
(i) Leads
(ii) Rubber
(iii) Raw hides and skins
(3bii)
(i) Iron and steel
(ii) Electrical,electronic equipments
(3c)
(i) Different factor endowments some economies are rich in natural resources while others have relatively little. Trade enables economies to specialise in the export of some resources and earn revenue to pay for imports of other goods.
(ii) Increased welfare specialisation (where countries have a comparative advantage see the next section for more detail on this) and trade allow countries to gain a higher level of consumption than they would do domestically and this leads to increased welfare and higher living standards.
(iii) To gain economies of scale with specialisation and production on a larger scale than may be possible domestically, a country may be able to gain more economies of scale. This will lead to lower average costs and benefit consumers through lower prices.
(iv) Diversity of choice trade enables us to access goods and services that we may not be able to produce ourselves.
====================================
(4a)
(4b)
In forest vegetation belt high rainfall gives rises to mangrove swampy in the south. High rainfall and temperature give rise to evergreen forest in the south.
Heavy rainfall gives rise or support the growth of tall trees like Iroko, obeche, Mahogany etc. It does not support the growth of grasses.
Heavy rainfall supports the growth of climbers, creepers etc.
(4c)
(i) Provision of food
(ii) Provision of timber
(iii) Foreign exchange
(iv) Employment
(v) Raw materials for industries
(vi) Tourism and wildlife
(vii) Provision of fuel wood
====================================
(5a)
(i)Peasants are households which derive their livelihoods partly from agriculture.
(ii)utilise mainly family labour in farm production, integrate household production
(iii)consumption activities and decisions, and are characterised by partial engagement in input and output markets which are often imperfect or incomplete
(5b)
(i)Unsuitable climatic conditions: Climatic conditions vary from areas of excessive rainfall to areas of excessive drought. These two types of climatic conditions are detrimental to crop and animal growth.
(ii) Poor technical knowledge: The farmers lack requisite technical knowledge and modern skills to raise the standard of farming and agricultural production in their countries.
(iii) Use of crude implements: West African farmers still use crude implements such as cutlass, hoes etc for farming. They have no opportunity for mechanized farming.
(iv) Rural- urban drift: The imbalance in urban-rural economy has led to rural -urban drift. Agriculture has thus been losing its vital labour force without replacing it with mechanization.
(5c)
(i) Efficient use of land through suitable land use policy
(ii) An integrated approach to rural development
====================================
(6a)
Climate and vegetation
The climate of this region is mainly the sub-equatorial climate with high rainfall of over 300cm throughout the year with double maxima. It has low temperature of 21°C due to the nearness to sea and the effects of south-west winds. The vegetation is that of tropical rainforest with tall evergreen trees.
-ECONOMICS IMPORTANCE-
It includes:
(i) Farming which leads to production of food and cash crop like rubber, oil palm etc
(ii) Fishing due to the presence of rivers and oceans
(iii) Lumbering due to presence of economic trees( timber)
(iv) Mining due to presence of limestone and petroleum
(6b)
(i) Transport is very poor owing to presence of many rivers and swamps
(ii) Soil erosion due to heavy rainfall
(iii) Water and land pollution due to mining of petroleum
(iv) Problems of farming and fishing created by oil spillage
(6c)
(i) Construction of flyovers
(ii) Avoidance of pollution
(iii) Control of soil erosion
====================================
Completed!.
More answers coming….
Thanks for everything